fix(studio): harden preview recovery

packages/studio/src/components/sidebar/CompositionsTab.drag.test.tsx

@@ -42,10 +42,23 @@ function mount(onSelect = vi.fn(), onAddToTimeline = vi.fn()) {
 describe("composition card drag", () => {
   it("uses a cached image instead of eagerly mounting a live preview iframe", () => {
     const { host } = mount();
-    expect(host.querySelector('img[src*="/thumbnail/"]')).not.toBeNull();
+    const thumbnail = host.querySelector<HTMLImageElement>('img[src*="/thumbnail/"]');
+    expect(thumbnail).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(new URL(thumbnail?.src ?? "").searchParams.get("t")).toBe("3.00");
     expect(host.querySelector("iframe")).toBeNull();
   });
 
+  it("shows a fallback when the cached thumbnail fails", () => {
+    const { host } = mount();
+    const thumbnail = host.querySelector<HTMLImageElement>('img[src*="/thumbnail/"]');
+    if (!thumbnail) throw new Error("composition thumbnail did not render");
+
+    act(() => thumbnail.dispatchEvent(new Event("error")));
+
+    expect(host.textContent).toContain("Preview unavailable");
+    expect(host.querySelector('img[src*="/thumbnail/"]')).toBeNull();
+  });
+
   it("mounts one live preview only after sustained hover and removes it on leave", () => {
     vi.useFakeTimers();
     const consoleError = vi.spyOn(console, "error").mockImplementation(() => {});
@@ -61,6 +74,7 @@ describe("composition card drag", () => {
         card.dispatchEvent(new Event("pointerout", { bubbles: true }));
       });
       expect(host.querySelector("iframe")).toBeNull();
+      expect(vi.getTimerCount()).toBe(0);
     } finally {
       consoleError.mockRestore();
       vi.useRealTimers();

packages/studio/src/components/sidebar/CompositionsTab.tsx

@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ function CompCard({
   const [hovered, setHovered] = useState(false);
   const [stageSize, setStageSize] = useState(DEFAULT_PREVIEW_STAGE);
   const [livePreviewLoaded, setLivePreviewLoaded] = useState(false);
+  const [thumbnailFailed, setThumbnailFailed] = useState(false);
   const iframeRef = useRef<HTMLIFrameElement | null>(null);
   const hoverTimer = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null>(null);
   const syncTimer = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null>(null);
@@ -160,6 +161,10 @@ function CompCard({
       clearTimeout(hoverTimer.current);
       hoverTimer.current = null;
     }
+    if (syncTimer.current) {
+      clearTimeout(syncTimer.current);
+      syncTimer.current = null;
+    }
     setHovered(false);
     setLivePreviewLoaded(false);
   };
@@ -167,8 +172,8 @@ function CompCard({
   const previewUrl = `/api/projects/${projectId}/preview/comp/${comp}`;
   const thumbnailUrl = buildCompositionThumbnailUrl({
     previewUrl,
-    seekTime: 0,
-    duration: THUMBNAIL_SEEK_TIME_SECONDS * 2,
+    seekTime: THUMBNAIL_SEEK_TIME_SECONDS,
+    duration: 0,
     origin: window.location.origin,
   });
   const previewScale = resolveCompositionPreviewScale({
@@ -225,16 +230,23 @@ function CompCard({
       }`}
     >
       <div className="w-20 h-[45px] rounded overflow-hidden bg-neutral-900 flex-shrink-0 relative">
-        <img
-          src={thumbnailUrl}
-          alt=""
-          draggable={false}
-          loading="lazy"
-          decoding="async"
-          className={`absolute inset-0 h-full w-full object-contain transition-opacity ${
-            livePreviewLoaded ? "opacity-0" : "opacity-100"
-          }`}
-        />
+        {thumbnailFailed ? (
+          <div className="absolute inset-0 flex items-center justify-center px-1 text-center text-[8px] leading-tight text-neutral-600">
+            Preview unavailable
+          </div>
+        ) : (
+          <img
+            src={thumbnailUrl}
+            alt=""
+            draggable={false}
+            loading="lazy"
+            decoding="async"
+            onError={() => setThumbnailFailed(true)}
+            className={`absolute inset-0 h-full w-full object-contain transition-opacity ${
+              livePreviewLoaded ? "opacity-0" : "opacity-100"
+            }`}
+          />
+        )}
         {hovered && (
           <iframe
             ref={iframeRef}
@@ -353,7 +365,7 @@ export const CompositionsTab = memo(function CompositionsTab({
     <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto">
       {compositions.map((comp) => (
         <CompCard
-          key={comp}
+          key={`${projectId}:${comp}`}
           projectId={projectId}
           comp={comp}
           isActive={activeComposition === comp}

packages/studio/src/player/components/Player.test.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,79 @@
 // @vitest-environment happy-dom
 
-import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { act, createElement } from "react";
+import { createRoot, type Root } from "react-dom/client";
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
   hasUnloadedAssets,
+  Player,
   readPreviewErrorMessage,
   shouldShowCompositionLoadingOverlay,
 } from "./Player";
 
+vi.mock("@hyperframes/player", () => ({}));
+
+Object.assign(globalThis, { IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT: true });
+
+let root: Root | null = null;
+let lifecycleLog: string[] = [];
+
+class TestHyperframesPlayer extends HTMLElement {
+  readonly iframeElement = document.createElement("iframe");
+
+  constructor() {
+    super();
+
+    const addIframeListener = this.iframeElement.addEventListener.bind(this.iframeElement);
+    this.iframeElement.addEventListener = ((type, listener, options) => {
+      lifecycleLog.push(`iframe:${type}`);
+      addIframeListener(type, listener, options);
+    }) as typeof this.iframeElement.addEventListener;
+
+    const addPlayerListener = this.addEventListener.bind(this);
+    this.addEventListener = ((type, listener, options) => {
+      lifecycleLog.push(`player:${type}`);
+      addPlayerListener(type, listener, options);
+    }) as typeof this.addEventListener;
+
+    const setPlayerAttribute = this.setAttribute.bind(this);
+    this.setAttribute = (name, value) => {
+      if (name === "src") lifecycleLog.push("src");
+      setPlayerAttribute(name, value);
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+if (!customElements.get("hyperframes-player")) {
+  customElements.define("hyperframes-player", TestHyperframesPlayer);
+}
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  if (root) act(() => root?.unmount());
+  root = null;
+  lifecycleLog = [];
+  document.body.innerHTML = "";
+});
+
+async function mountPlayer() {
+  const host = document.createElement("div");
+  document.body.append(host);
+  root = createRoot(host);
+  await act(async () => {
+    root?.render(
+      createElement(Player, {
+        directUrl: "/api/projects/demo/preview",
+        onLoad: vi.fn(),
+        suppressLoadingOverlay: true,
+      }),
+    );
+    await Promise.resolve();
+  });
+
+  const player = host.querySelector<TestHyperframesPlayer>("hyperframes-player");
+  if (!player) throw new Error("player did not mount");
+  return { host, player };
+}
+
 function createAudioIframe() {
   const iframe = document.createElement("iframe");
   document.body.appendChild(iframe);
@@ -32,6 +99,47 @@ describe("preview errors", () => {
       "The composition preview did not become ready.",
     );
   });
+
+  it("attaches lifecycle listeners before navigating the player", async () => {
+    await mountPlayer();
+    const srcIndex = lifecycleLog.indexOf("src");
+
+    expect(srcIndex).toBeGreaterThan(-1);
+    for (const listener of [
+      "iframe:load",
+      "player:click",
+      "player:shadertransitionstate",
+      "player:ready",
+      "player:error",
+    ]) {
+      expect(lifecycleLog.indexOf(listener)).toBeGreaterThan(-1);
+      expect(lifecycleLog.indexOf(listener)).toBeLessThan(srcIndex);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("retries a failed preview with a fresh player URL", async () => {
+    const { host, player } = await mountPlayer();
+
+    act(() => {
+      player.dispatchEvent(
+        new CustomEvent("error", {
+          detail: { message: "Composition timeline not found after 8s" },
+        }),
+      );
+    });
+
+    expect(host.querySelector('[data-testid="composition-preview-error"]')).not.toBeNull();
+    const retry = Array.from(host.querySelectorAll("button")).find(
+      (button) => button.textContent === "Retry preview",
+    );
+    if (!retry) throw new Error("retry action did not render");
+
+    act(() => retry.click());
+
+    const retryUrl = new URL(player.getAttribute("src") ?? "", window.location.origin);
+    expect(retryUrl.searchParams.get("_hfStudioRetry")).toBe("1");
+    expect(host.querySelector('[data-testid="composition-preview-error"]')).toBeNull();
+  });
 });
 
 describe("composition loading overlay", () => {