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Miguel Ángel 51f9fa7c54 perf(aws-lambda): small-chunk cloud renders stitch their output in parallel (#6635) 
* perf(aws-lambda): small-chunk cloud renders stitch their output in parallel

When every chunk's payload is under S3's 5 MiB part minimum (typical for short 4K chunks), the assemble step could not copy any part server-side and pulled the whole output through one Lambda's network link. Those range-only parts now go to parallel invocations of the warm function that just rendered the chunks, about 32 MiB each and never more at once than the stack's reserved concurrency allows. The output bytes are unchanged.

* fix(aws-lambda): a throttled stitch helper builds its parts in the assemble instead

Another render can hold the stack's reserved concurrency while this one assembles, so a helper invocation may be refused. The assemble now builds that batch itself, logs it, and counts it in assemble_stages; the helper's error type is kept as the error name. Comments trimmed back to each file's share at the base.

* chore(aws-lambda): raise the package size budget to the measured size plus headroom

The parallel stitch helpers add about 1.7 KB packed and 9.9 KB unpacked; the new budget is the measured size times the checker's own 1.05 headroom.
2026-10-28 09:03:42 +00:00

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AWSTemplateFormatVersion: "2010-09-09"
Transform: AWS::Serverless-2016-10-31
Description: >-
HyperFrames distributed rendering — Step Functions standard workflow with
one Lambda function handling Plan, RenderChunk (fan-out via Map state),
and Assemble, or Plan and RenderChunk on an optional arm64 image. One S3 bucket, alarms for runaway concurrency, Lambda
errors, and Step Functions execution failures.
Built from the handler ZIP at packages/aws-lambda/dist/handler.zip.
See:
- packages/aws-lambda/README.md (handler architecture)
- examples/aws-lambda/README.md (this directory's deploy guide)
Parameters:
ProjectName:
Type: String
Default: hyperframes
Description: Name prefix applied to all created resources.
LambdaMemoryMb:
Type: Number
Default: 10240
AllowedValues: [2048, 3072, 4096, 5120, 6144, 7168, 8192, 9216, 10240]
Description: >-
Lambda memory in MB. Render workloads are CPU-bound; bumping memory
proportionally bumps the CPU share Lambda gives the function. 10 GB
(the max) is recommended for 1080p renders.
LambdaTimeoutSec:
Type: Number
Default: 900
MinValue: 60
MaxValue: 900
Description: >-
Per-invocation Lambda timeout. Render chunks at the default
chunkSize=240 frames complete in seconds; 15 minutes is the Lambda
hard ceiling and the default here to absorb cold-start variance.
ReservedConcurrency:
Type: Number
Default: -1
Description: >-
Lambda reserved concurrency cap. Set to a positive integer to bound
simultaneous chunk renders (e.g. 50 to limit cost). -1 means
unreserved: each render runs up to 90% of the account's unreserved
concurrency.
ChromeSource:
Type: String
Default: sparticuz
AllowedValues: [sparticuz, chrome-headless-shell]
Description: >-
Which Chrome runtime the bundled ZIP was built with. Must match the
`--source=` flag passed to `build-zip.ts`. The handler reads this
via the HYPERFRAMES_LAMBDA_CHROME_SOURCE env var at boot.
ChunkInvocationAlarmThreshold:
Type: Number
Default: 1000
Description: >-
CloudWatch alarm threshold for total RenderChunk invocations per
hour. The runaway-Map state pathology would fan out far more
chunks than expected; an alarm at 10× the typical workload
protects against billing surprises.
VideoImageUri:
Type: String
Default: ""
Description: >-
Optional arm64 image (`<ECR repository URI>@sha256:<digest>`) that runs the
plan and renders the chunks. Audio and assemble stay on the x86 render
function. Empty: one x86 function does it all.
Conditions:
HasReservedConcurrency: !Not [!Equals [!Ref ReservedConcurrency, -1]]
HasVideoFunction: !Not [!Equals [!Ref VideoImageUri, ""]]
Globals:
Function:
MemorySize: !Ref LambdaMemoryMb
Timeout: !Ref LambdaTimeoutSec
# Lambda function-level X-Ray tracing. The state machine already
# has Tracing.Enabled: true; without this, X-Ray traces would
# terminate at the Step Functions → Lambda boundary instead of
# following into per-function spans.
Tracing: Active
# Cost-allocation tags for the render function. Bucket, state machine and
# video-function.yaml carry the same tags themselves; Globals covers only SAM functions.
Tags:
Project: !Ref ProjectName
HyperFramesComponent: lambda-renderer
Environment:
Variables:
NODE_OPTIONS: "--enable-source-maps"
HYPERFRAMES_LAMBDA_CHROME_SOURCE: !Ref ChromeSource
Resources:
# ── S3 bucket for plan tarballs, chunk outputs, and final renders ───────
RenderBucket:
Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
DeletionPolicy: Retain
UpdateReplacePolicy: Retain
Properties:
# BucketName omitted — CloudFormation generates a unique name like
# "<stack-name>-renderbucket-<random>". S3 bucket names are capped at
# 63 chars; a static !Sub expression including ProjectName +
# AWS::AccountId + AWS::Region trips that limit when ProjectName
# carries a timestamp (e.g. the smoke script's per-run stack name).
PublicAccessBlockConfiguration:
BlockPublicAcls: true
BlockPublicPolicy: true
IgnorePublicAcls: true
RestrictPublicBuckets: true
VersioningConfiguration:
# `Suspended` keeps storage costs flat — versions are not
# retained on overwrites. Tradeoff: if an adopter writes their
# final rendered mp4 to this bucket and a re-render overwrites
# the same key, the prior version is gone. Adopters who treat
# the final mp4 as user-keepable should set this to `Enabled`
# (intermediates under `renders/` still expire via the
# lifecycle rule below regardless).
Status: Suspended
LifecycleConfiguration:
Rules:
- Id: ExpireIntermediates
Status: Enabled
Prefix: renders/
# Plan tarballs and chunk outputs are intermediate artifacts.
# Users keep the final mp4 (different key prefix); the rest
# can age out after a week to keep storage costs flat.
ExpirationInDays: 7
- Id: ExpireSharedContent
Status: Enabled
Prefix: cas/sha256/
# Project files and plan artifacts by SHA-256, shared across renders.
ExpirationInDays: 30
Tags:
- Key: Project
Value: !Ref ProjectName
- Key: HyperFramesComponent
Value: lambda-renderer
# ── Single Lambda function handling all three roles ──────────────────────
RenderFunction:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
FunctionName: !Sub "${ProjectName}-render"
Description: >-
HyperFrames distributed render handler. Dispatches on event.Action.
Handler: handler.handler
Runtime: nodejs22.x
# The ZIP's @sparticuz/chromium ships x86_64 Chrome only; video-function.yaml runs chunks on arm64.
Architectures: [x86_64]
# Local path is resolved by `sam build` + `sam deploy --resolve-s3`
# (or `--s3-bucket`); the resulting CodeUri rewrites to s3://.
CodeUri: ../../packages/aws-lambda/dist/handler.zip
PackageType: Zip
# With a video function the chunks run there, so the reservation moves with them.
ReservedConcurrentExecutions: !If
- HasVideoFunction
- !Ref AWS::NoValue
- !If [HasReservedConcurrency, !Ref ReservedConcurrency, !Ref AWS::NoValue]
EphemeralStorage:
Size: 10240
Environment:
Variables:
# Lambda's Node 22 runtime sets these by default; explicit for
# clarity + so users can override during local SAM invoke.
TMPDIR: /tmp
HYPERFRAMES_RENDER_BUCKET: !Ref RenderBucket
HYPERFRAMES_LAMBDA_RESERVED_CONCURRENCY: !Ref ReservedConcurrency
# Assemble spreads the parts S3 cannot copy across the warm function that ran the chunks.
HYPERFRAMES_STITCH_FUNCTION: !If
- HasVideoFunction
- !Sub "${ProjectName}-video"
- !Sub "${ProjectName}-render"
Policies:
- S3CrudPolicy:
BucketName: !Ref RenderBucket
- Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action: lambda:InvokeFunction
Resource: !If
- HasVideoFunction
- !Sub "arn:${AWS::Partition}:lambda:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:function:${ProjectName}-video"
- !Sub "arn:${AWS::Partition}:lambda:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:function:${ProjectName}-render"
- Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action: s3:AbortMultipartUpload
Resource: !Sub "arn:${AWS::Partition}:s3:::${RenderBucket}/*"
# Plan sizes an unreserved render to the account's concurrency.
- Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action: lambda:GetAccountSettings
Resource: "*"
# CloudWatch Logs perms are covered by SAM's default
# AWSLambdaBasicExecutionRole — explicit `CloudWatchLogsFullAccess`
# would be overscope (`logs:*` on `*`, including DeleteLogGroup +
# CreateExportTask). Reference templates shouldn't leak overbroad
# IAM into adopters' accounts.
# ── Optional arm64 chunk renderer: the same handler as a container image ──
# Nested: `sam deploy` demands an image repository for any image function in this template.
VideoFunctionStack:
Type: AWS::CloudFormation::Stack
Condition: HasVideoFunction
Properties:
TemplateURL: video-function.yaml
Parameters:
ProjectName: !Ref ProjectName
ImageUri: !Ref VideoImageUri
RenderBucket: !Ref RenderBucket
MemorySize: !Ref LambdaMemoryMb
Timeout: !Ref LambdaTimeoutSec
ReservedConcurrency: !Ref ReservedConcurrency
ChromeSource: !Ref ChromeSource
Tags:
- Key: Project
Value: !Ref ProjectName
- Key: HyperFramesComponent
Value: lambda-renderer
# ── CloudWatch log group for the state machine ──────────────────────────
# SAM doesn't auto-create one when `LoggingConfiguration` is set, so we
# define it explicitly — that way the IAM grant on the state-machine
# role has a destination to write to.
RenderStateMachineLogGroup:
Type: AWS::Logs::LogGroup
Properties:
LogGroupName: !Sub "/aws/states/${ProjectName}-render"
RetentionInDays: 30
# ── Step Functions state machine: Plan → Map(N) RenderChunk → Assemble ──
RenderStateMachine:
Type: AWS::Serverless::StateMachine
Properties:
Name: !Sub "${ProjectName}-render"
Type: STANDARD
Tracing:
Enabled: true
Logging:
# Without this, the `WriteCloudwatchLogs` grant on the state
# machine role would be unused — operators would see zero
# execution history outside the Step Functions console.
# `Level: ERROR` keeps log volume low; bump to `ALL` for
# heavy debugging.
Level: ERROR
IncludeExecutionData: false
Destinations:
- CloudWatchLogsLogGroup:
LogGroupArn: !GetAtt RenderStateMachineLogGroup.Arn
Definition:
Comment: >-
HyperFrames distributed render orchestration: Plan → Map(N)
RenderChunk → Assemble.
# Defensive 1-hour ceiling on the whole choreography. The
# individual states already have retries + per-task timeouts;
# this catches pathological runaways (Plan-retry storm,
# stuck-state-machine bugs) at the top before per-task budgets
# compound into a multi-hour execution. The longest legitimate
# render observed in PR 880's eval was ~3 minutes.
TimeoutSeconds: 3600
StartAt: SelectPlanProtocol
States:
SelectPlanProtocol:
Type: Choice
Choices:
# Only a stack with the arm64 video function has a cold x86 function to warm.
# Without one the compared value can never match.
- Variable: $.PlanProtocol
StringEquals: !If [HasVideoFunction, v2, v2-without-video-function]
Next: WarmRender
- Variable: $.PlanProtocol
StringEquals: v2
Next: PlanV2
- Variable: $.PlanProtocol
StringEquals: v1
Next: Plan
- Variable: $.PlanProtocol
IsPresent: true
Next: UnsupportedPlanProtocol
Default: PlanV2
# The audio task runs on this function once the plan is done; starting its container now hides the cold start.
WarmRender:
Type: Task
Resource: arn:aws:states:::lambda:invoke
Parameters:
FunctionName: !GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn
InvocationType: Event
Payload:
Action: warm
ResultPath: null
Catch:
- ErrorEquals:
- States.ALL
ResultPath: null
Next: PlanV2
Next: PlanV2
UnsupportedPlanProtocol:
Type: Fail
Error: PLAN_PROTOCOL_UNSUPPORTED
Cause: PlanProtocol must be "v1", "v2", or absent (defaults to v2).
Plan:
Type: Task
Resource: arn:aws:states:::lambda:invoke
Parameters:
# Chunks must run the ffmpeg build the plan records, so the plan runs where they do.
FunctionName:
!If [
HasVideoFunction,
!GetAtt VideoFunctionStack.Outputs.FunctionArn,
!GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn,
]
Payload:
Action: plan
PlanProtocol: v1
ProjectS3Uri.$: "$.ProjectS3Uri"
PlanOutputS3Prefix.$: "$.PlanOutputS3Prefix"
Config.$: "$.Config"
ResultSelector:
PlanProtocol: v1
PlanS3Uri.$: "$.Payload.PlanS3Uri"
PlanHash.$: "$.Payload.PlanHash"
ChunkCount.$: "$.Payload.ChunkCount"
MaxChunkConcurrency.$: "$.Payload.MaxChunkConcurrency"
Format.$: "$.Payload.Format"
HasAudio.$: "$.Payload.HasAudio"
AudioS3Uri.$: "$.Payload.AudioS3Uri"
ResultPath: $.Plan
Retry:
- ErrorEquals:
# These error names are thrown by the producer's plan
# stage when retrying can never help — version skew,
# determinism violations, GPU misconfiguration, font
# fetch failures, plan-size cap, unsupported format.
# Fail fast rather than burning ~120s of retry budget.
- FFMPEG_VERSION_MISMATCH
- PLAN_HASH_MISMATCH
- BROWSER_GPU_NOT_SOFTWARE
- FONT_FETCH_FAILED
- PLAN_TOO_LARGE
- PlanTooLargeError
- PLAN_PROTOCOL_UNSUPPORTED
- PlanProtocolUnsupportedError
- VIDEO_SOURCE_UNRENDERABLE
- INVALID_VIDEO_METADATA
- NOT_MEDIA_PAYLOAD
- NotMediaPayloadError
- PLAN_ARTIFACT_DIGEST_MISMATCH
- FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED_IN_DISTRIBUTED
- CHUNK_EXCEEDS_WORKER_TIMEOUT
- SITE_MANIFEST_INVALID
MaxAttempts: 0
# Another render on the same function can still take the reserved slots; wait minutes.
- ErrorEquals: [Lambda.TooManyRequestsException]
IntervalSeconds: 5
MaxAttempts: 10
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
JitterStrategy: FULL
- ErrorEquals: [States.ALL]
IntervalSeconds: 2
MaxAttempts: 4
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
Next: BuildChunkList
PlanV2:
Type: Task
Resource: arn:aws:states:::lambda:invoke
Parameters:
FunctionName:
!If [
HasVideoFunction,
!GetAtt VideoFunctionStack.Outputs.FunctionArn,
!GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn,
]
Payload:
Action: plan
PlanProtocol: v2
ProjectS3Uri.$: "$.ProjectS3Uri"
PlanOutputS3Prefix.$: "$.PlanOutputS3Prefix"
Config.$: "$.Config"
ResultSelector:
PlanProtocol: v2
PlanV2ManifestS3Uri.$: "$.Payload.PlanV2ManifestS3Uri"
PlanV2ArtifactS3Prefix.$: "$.Payload.PlanV2ArtifactS3Prefix"
PlanHash.$: "$.Payload.PlanHash"
ChunkCount.$: "$.Payload.ChunkCount"
MaxChunkConcurrency.$: "$.Payload.MaxChunkConcurrency"
Format.$: "$.Payload.Format"
HasAudio.$: "$.Payload.HasAudio"
SeparateAudio.$: "$.Payload.SeparateAudio"
ResultPath: $.Plan
Retry:
- ErrorEquals:
- FFMPEG_VERSION_MISMATCH
- PLAN_HASH_MISMATCH
- S3_URI_NOT_ALLOWED
- BROWSER_GPU_NOT_SOFTWARE
- FONT_FETCH_FAILED
- PLAN_TOO_LARGE
- PlanTooLargeError
- PLAN_PROTOCOL_UNSUPPORTED
- PlanProtocolUnsupportedError
- PLAN_V2_INTEGRITY_UNRECOVERABLE
- VIDEO_SOURCE_UNRENDERABLE
- INVALID_VIDEO_METADATA
- NOT_MEDIA_PAYLOAD
- NotMediaPayloadError
- PlanV2IntegrityError
- PLAN_ARTIFACT_DIGEST_MISMATCH
- FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED_IN_DISTRIBUTED
- CHUNK_EXCEEDS_WORKER_TIMEOUT
- ChromeBinaryUnavailableError
- SITE_MANIFEST_INVALID
MaxAttempts: 0
- ErrorEquals: [Lambda.TooManyRequestsException]
IntervalSeconds: 5
MaxAttempts: 10
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
JitterStrategy: FULL
- ErrorEquals: [States.ALL]
IntervalSeconds: 2
MaxAttempts: 4
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
Next: BuildChunkList
BuildChunkList:
# Translate ChunkCount into an array `[0, 1, ..., N-1]` so the
# Map state below has something to iterate. Range is the
# idiomatic Step Functions intrinsic for this; no Lambda call
# required.
Type: Pass
Parameters:
ChunkIndexes.$: "States.ArrayRange(0, States.MathAdd($.Plan.ChunkCount, -1), 1)"
ResultPath: $.Iterator
Next: AssertChunkCount
AssertChunkCount:
# Defensive gate: `resolveChunkPlan` guarantees ChunkCount ≥ 1,
# but if some future regression let a zero-chunk plan through,
# `RenderChunks` (Map state) would iterate zero times and
# `Assemble` would receive an empty `ChunkS3Uris` array — silently
# producing an empty output. Fail fast instead.
Type: Choice
Choices:
- Variable: $.Plan.ChunkCount
NumericGreaterThan: 0
Next: SelectWorkerProtocol
Default: PlanProducedZeroChunks
PlanProducedZeroChunks:
Type: Fail
Error: PLAN_TOO_LARGE
Cause: Plan returned ChunkCount=0 — non-retryable producer-side invariant violation.
SelectWorkerProtocol:
Type: Choice
Choices:
- Variable: $.Plan.PlanProtocol
StringEquals: v2
Next: RenderV2
Default: RenderChunks
RenderChunks:
Type: Map
Label: RenderChunks
ItemsPath: $.Iterator.ChunkIndexes
ItemSelector:
ChunkIndex.$: "$$.Map.Item.Value"
PlanS3Uri.$: "$.Plan.PlanS3Uri"
PlanHash.$: "$.Plan.PlanHash"
ChunkOutputS3Prefix.$: "$.PlanOutputS3Prefix"
Format.$: "$.Plan.Format"
# Chunks past the plan's concurrency queue here instead of being throttled by Lambda.
MaxConcurrencyPath: $.Plan.MaxChunkConcurrency
ResultPath: $.Chunks
ItemProcessor:
ProcessorConfig:
# Inline Map runs at most 40 iterations at once. STANDARD children
# because EXPRESS ones stop at 5 minutes and a chunk may run 15.
Mode: DISTRIBUTED
ExecutionType: STANDARD
StartAt: RenderChunk
States:
RenderChunk:
Type: Task
Resource: arn:aws:states:::lambda:invoke
Parameters:
FunctionName:
!If [
HasVideoFunction,
!GetAtt VideoFunctionStack.Outputs.FunctionArn,
!GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn,
]
Payload:
Action: renderChunk
PlanProtocol: v1
ChunkIndex.$: "$.ChunkIndex"
PlanS3Uri.$: "$.PlanS3Uri"
PlanHash.$: "$.PlanHash"
ChunkOutputS3Prefix.$: "$.ChunkOutputS3Prefix"
Format.$: "$.Format"
ResultSelector:
ChunkS3Uri.$: "$.Payload.ChunkS3Uri"
ChunkIndex.$: "$.Payload.ChunkIndex"
Sha256.$: "$.Payload.Sha256"
FramesEncoded.$: "$.Payload.FramesEncoded"
DurationMs.$: "$.Payload.DurationMs"
Retry:
- ErrorEquals:
- FFMPEG_VERSION_MISMATCH
- PLAN_HASH_MISMATCH
- BROWSER_GPU_NOT_SOFTWARE
- PLAN_TOO_LARGE
- PlanTooLargeError
- PLAN_PROTOCOL_UNSUPPORTED
- PlanProtocolUnsupportedError
- INVALID_VIDEO_METADATA
- PLAN_ARTIFACT_DIGEST_MISMATCH
MaxAttempts: 0
- ErrorEquals: [Lambda.TooManyRequestsException]
IntervalSeconds: 5
MaxAttempts: 10
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
JitterStrategy: FULL
- ErrorEquals: [States.ALL]
IntervalSeconds: 2
MaxAttempts: 4
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
End: true
Next: Assemble
Assemble:
Type: Task
Resource: arn:aws:states:::lambda:invoke
Parameters:
FunctionName: !GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn
Payload:
Action: assemble
PlanProtocol: v1
PlanS3Uri.$: "$.Plan.PlanS3Uri"
ChunkS3Uris.$: "$.Chunks[*].ChunkS3Uri"
AudioS3Uri.$: "$.Plan.AudioS3Uri"
OutputS3Uri.$: "$.OutputS3Uri"
Format.$: "$.Plan.Format"
ResultSelector:
OutputS3Uri.$: "$.Payload.OutputS3Uri"
FramesEncoded.$: "$.Payload.FramesEncoded"
FileSize.$: "$.Payload.FileSize"
ResultPath: $.Output
Retry:
- ErrorEquals:
# Same non-retryable error names as the Plan state's
# gate — these surface at assemble time too because
# ffmpeg-driven concat picks up version drift and we
# re-verify plan hash + format at assemble. Skip the
# retry storm; fail fast.
- FFMPEG_VERSION_MISMATCH
- PLAN_HASH_MISMATCH
- FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED_IN_DISTRIBUTED
- PLAN_TOO_LARGE
- PlanTooLargeError
- PLAN_PROTOCOL_UNSUPPORTED
- PlanProtocolUnsupportedError
- PLAN_ARTIFACT_DIGEST_MISMATCH
MaxAttempts: 0
- ErrorEquals: [Lambda.TooManyRequestsException]
IntervalSeconds: 5
MaxAttempts: 10
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
JitterStrategy: FULL
- ErrorEquals: [States.ALL]
IntervalSeconds: 2
MaxAttempts: 4
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
End: true
RenderV2:
# Chunks render video only while the audio task mixes the track AssembleV2 stitches in.
Type: Parallel
Branches:
- StartAt: RenderChunksV2
States:
RenderChunksV2:
Type: Map
Label: RenderChunksV2
ItemsPath: $.Iterator.ChunkIndexes
ItemSelector:
ChunkIndex.$: "$$.Map.Item.Value"
PlanV2ManifestS3Uri.$: "$.Plan.PlanV2ManifestS3Uri"
PlanV2ArtifactS3Prefix.$: "$.Plan.PlanV2ArtifactS3Prefix"
PlanHash.$: "$.Plan.PlanHash"
ChunkOutputS3Prefix.$: "$.PlanOutputS3Prefix"
Format.$: "$.Plan.Format"
# Chunks past the plan's concurrency queue here instead of being throttled by Lambda.
MaxConcurrencyPath: $.Plan.MaxChunkConcurrency
ResultPath: $.Chunks
ItemProcessor:
ProcessorConfig:
Mode: DISTRIBUTED
ExecutionType: STANDARD
StartAt: RenderChunkV2
States:
RenderChunkV2:
Type: Task
Resource: arn:aws:states:::lambda:invoke
Parameters:
FunctionName:
!If [
HasVideoFunction,
!GetAtt VideoFunctionStack.Outputs.FunctionArn,
!GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn,
]
Payload:
Action: renderChunk
PlanProtocol: v2
ChunkIndex.$: "$.ChunkIndex"
PlanV2ManifestS3Uri.$: "$.PlanV2ManifestS3Uri"
PlanV2ArtifactS3Prefix.$: "$.PlanV2ArtifactS3Prefix"
PlanHash.$: "$.PlanHash"
ChunkOutputS3Prefix.$: "$.ChunkOutputS3Prefix"
Format.$: "$.Format"
ResultSelector:
ChunkS3Uri.$: "$.Payload.ChunkS3Uri"
ChunkIndex.$: "$.Payload.ChunkIndex"
Sha256.$: "$.Payload.Sha256"
FramesEncoded.$: "$.Payload.FramesEncoded"
DurationMs.$: "$.Payload.DurationMs"
Retry:
- ErrorEquals:
- FFMPEG_VERSION_MISMATCH
- PLAN_HASH_MISMATCH
- S3_URI_NOT_ALLOWED
- BROWSER_GPU_NOT_SOFTWARE
- PLAN_TOO_LARGE
- PlanTooLargeError
- PLAN_PROTOCOL_UNSUPPORTED
- PlanProtocolUnsupportedError
- PLAN_V2_INTEGRITY_UNRECOVERABLE
- INVALID_VIDEO_METADATA
- PlanV2IntegrityError
- PLAN_ARTIFACT_DIGEST_MISMATCH
- ChromeBinaryUnavailableError
MaxAttempts: 0
- ErrorEquals: [Lambda.TooManyRequestsException]
IntervalSeconds: 5
MaxAttempts: 10
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
JitterStrategy: FULL
- ErrorEquals: [States.ALL]
IntervalSeconds: 2
MaxAttempts: 4
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
End: true
End: true
- StartAt: AudioNeeded
States:
AudioNeeded:
Type: Choice
Choices:
- Variable: $.Plan.SeparateAudio
BooleanEquals: true
Next: Audio
Default: NoAudio
NoAudio:
Type: Pass
Result:
HasAudio: false
AudioS3Uri: null
ResultPath: $.Audio
End: true
Audio:
# The plan left its audio out: mix it here while the chunks render.
Type: Task
Resource: arn:aws:states:::lambda:invoke
Parameters:
FunctionName: !GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn
Payload:
Action: audio
ProjectS3Uri.$: "$.ProjectS3Uri"
PlanOutputS3Prefix.$: "$.PlanOutputS3Prefix"
Config.$: "$.Config"
ResultSelector:
HasAudio.$: "$.Payload.HasAudio"
AudioS3Uri.$: "$.Payload.AudioS3Uri"
ResultPath: $.Audio
Retry:
- ErrorEquals:
- FFMPEG_VERSION_MISMATCH
- PLAN_HASH_MISMATCH
- S3_URI_NOT_ALLOWED
- BROWSER_GPU_NOT_SOFTWARE
- FONT_FETCH_FAILED
- PLAN_TOO_LARGE
- PlanTooLargeError
- PLAN_PROTOCOL_UNSUPPORTED
- PlanProtocolUnsupportedError
- PLAN_V2_INTEGRITY_UNRECOVERABLE
- VIDEO_SOURCE_UNRENDERABLE
- INVALID_VIDEO_METADATA
- NOT_MEDIA_PAYLOAD
- NotMediaPayloadError
- PlanV2IntegrityError
- PLAN_ARTIFACT_DIGEST_MISMATCH
- FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED_IN_DISTRIBUTED
- CHUNK_EXCEEDS_WORKER_TIMEOUT
- ChromeBinaryUnavailableError
- SITE_MANIFEST_INVALID
MaxAttempts: 0
- ErrorEquals: [Lambda.TooManyRequestsException]
IntervalSeconds: 5
MaxAttempts: 10
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
JitterStrategy: FULL
- ErrorEquals: [States.ALL]
IntervalSeconds: 2
MaxAttempts: 4
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
End: true
ResultSelector:
Chunks.$: "$[0].Chunks"
Audio.$: "$[1].Audio"
ResultPath: $.Render
Next: AssembleV2
AssembleV2:
Type: Task
Resource: arn:aws:states:::lambda:invoke
Parameters:
FunctionName: !GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn
Payload:
Action: assemble
PlanProtocol: v2
PlanV2ManifestS3Uri.$: "$.Plan.PlanV2ManifestS3Uri"
PlanV2ArtifactS3Prefix.$: "$.Plan.PlanV2ArtifactS3Prefix"
PlanHash.$: "$.Plan.PlanHash"
ChunkS3Uris.$: "$.Render.Chunks[*].ChunkS3Uri"
AudioS3Uri.$: "$.Render.Audio.AudioS3Uri"
OutputS3Uri.$: "$.OutputS3Uri"
Format.$: "$.Plan.Format"
ResultSelector:
OutputS3Uri.$: "$.Payload.OutputS3Uri"
FramesEncoded.$: "$.Payload.FramesEncoded"
FileSize.$: "$.Payload.FileSize"
ResultPath: $.Output
Retry:
- ErrorEquals:
- FFMPEG_VERSION_MISMATCH
- PLAN_HASH_MISMATCH
- S3_URI_NOT_ALLOWED
- FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED_IN_DISTRIBUTED
- PLAN_TOO_LARGE
- PlanTooLargeError
- PLAN_PROTOCOL_UNSUPPORTED
- PlanProtocolUnsupportedError
- PLAN_V2_INTEGRITY_UNRECOVERABLE
- PlanV2IntegrityError
- PLAN_ARTIFACT_DIGEST_MISMATCH
- ChromeBinaryUnavailableError
MaxAttempts: 0
- ErrorEquals: [Lambda.TooManyRequestsException]
IntervalSeconds: 5
MaxAttempts: 10
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
JitterStrategy: FULL
- ErrorEquals: [States.ALL]
IntervalSeconds: 2
MaxAttempts: 4
BackoffRate: 2
MaxDelaySeconds: 60
End: true
Role: !GetAtt RenderStateMachineRole.Arn
RenderStateMachineRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
Version: "2012-10-17"
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Principal:
Service: states.amazonaws.com
Action: sts:AssumeRole
Policies:
- PolicyName: InvokeRenderFunction
PolicyDocument:
Version: "2012-10-17"
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action: lambda:InvokeFunction
Resource:
- !GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn
- !If [
HasVideoFunction,
!GetAtt VideoFunctionStack.Outputs.FunctionArn,
!Ref AWS::NoValue,
]
# A Distributed Map runs each chunk as a child execution of this state machine.
# ARNs built by name: !Ref RenderStateMachine here would be a dependency cycle.
- PolicyName: RunDistributedMapChildren
PolicyDocument:
Version: "2012-10-17"
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action: states:StartExecution
Resource: !Sub "arn:${AWS::Partition}:states:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:stateMachine:${ProjectName}-render"
- Effect: Allow
Action:
- states:DescribeExecution
- states:StopExecution
Resource: !Sub "arn:${AWS::Partition}:states:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:execution:${ProjectName}-render:*"
- PolicyName: WriteCloudwatchLogs
PolicyDocument:
Version: "2012-10-17"
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action:
- logs:CreateLogDelivery
- logs:GetLogDelivery
- logs:UpdateLogDelivery
- logs:DeleteLogDelivery
- logs:ListLogDeliveries
- logs:PutResourcePolicy
- logs:DescribeResourcePolicies
- logs:DescribeLogGroups
Resource: "*"
- PolicyName: XRayTracing
PolicyDocument:
Version: "2012-10-17"
Statement:
- Effect: Allow
Action:
- xray:PutTraceSegments
- xray:PutTelemetryRecords
Resource: "*"
# ── CloudWatch alarm: runaway chunk invocations ─────────────────────────
RenderChunkInvocationAlarm:
Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
Properties:
AlarmName: !Sub "${ProjectName}-runaway-chunk-invocations"
AlarmDescription: >-
Fires if RenderChunk Lambda invocations exceed the configured
threshold in a 1-hour window. The Map state's MaxConcurrency cap
protects against simultaneous fan-out, but a runaway state
machine that triggers many sequential renders would still rack
up cost; this alarm catches that pattern.
Namespace: AWS/Lambda
MetricName: Invocations
Dimensions:
- Name: FunctionName
Value:
!If [
HasVideoFunction,
!GetAtt VideoFunctionStack.Outputs.FunctionName,
!Ref RenderFunction,
]
Statistic: Sum
Period: 3600
EvaluationPeriods: 1
Threshold: !Ref ChunkInvocationAlarmThreshold
ComparisonOperator: GreaterThanThreshold
TreatMissingData: notBreaching
# ── CloudWatch alarm: Lambda function errors ────────────────────────────
# Fires on any non-zero error rate. The invocation alarm above catches
# *too many calls*; this catches *calls that failed*. Without it,
# silent per-chunk failures (a non-retryable error inside the
# producer) would only surface by reading Step Functions execution
# history.
RenderFunctionErrorsAlarm:
Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
Properties:
AlarmName: !Sub "${ProjectName}-render-function-errors"
AlarmDescription: >-
Fires if the render Lambda reports any errors in a 5-minute
window. Set EvaluationPeriods=1 so a single failure pages.
Namespace: AWS/Lambda
MetricName: Errors
Dimensions:
- Name: FunctionName
Value: !Ref RenderFunction
Statistic: Sum
Period: 300
EvaluationPeriods: 1
Threshold: 1
ComparisonOperator: GreaterThanOrEqualToThreshold
TreatMissingData: notBreaching
VideoFunctionErrorsAlarm:
Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
Condition: HasVideoFunction
Properties:
AlarmName: !Sub "${ProjectName}-video-function-errors"
AlarmDescription: >-
Fires if the arm64 chunk Lambda reports any errors in a 5-minute window.
Namespace: AWS/Lambda
MetricName: Errors
Dimensions:
- Name: FunctionName
Value: !GetAtt VideoFunctionStack.Outputs.FunctionName
Statistic: Sum
Period: 300
EvaluationPeriods: 1
Threshold: 1
ComparisonOperator: GreaterThanOrEqualToThreshold
TreatMissingData: notBreaching
# ── CloudWatch alarm: Step Functions execution failures ─────────────────
# Fires when a state-machine execution reaches a terminal failure
# state (typed non-retryable, retry-exhausted, or top-level timeout).
# Complementary to the Lambda Errors alarm: SFN failures include
# Choice-state Fail branches (PlanProducedZeroChunks) that bypass
# Lambda entirely, plus retry-exhaustion of transient errors that
# individual Lambda invocations counted as successful "retries".
RenderStateMachineFailedAlarm:
Type: AWS::CloudWatch::Alarm
Properties:
AlarmName: !Sub "${ProjectName}-render-state-machine-failed"
AlarmDescription: >-
Fires when the render state machine reports a failed
execution. Catches retry-exhaustion + typed non-retryable +
TimeoutSeconds cases that the Lambda Errors metric misses.
Namespace: AWS/States
MetricName: ExecutionsFailed
Dimensions:
- Name: StateMachineArn
Value: !Ref RenderStateMachine
Statistic: Sum
Period: 300
EvaluationPeriods: 1
Threshold: 1
ComparisonOperator: GreaterThanOrEqualToThreshold
TreatMissingData: notBreaching
Outputs:
RenderBucketName:
Description: S3 bucket for plan tarballs, chunk outputs, and final renders.
Value: !Ref RenderBucket
Export:
Name: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-RenderBucket"
RenderFunctionArn:
Description: ARN of the Lambda function. Pass to `aws lambda invoke` for local testing.
Value: !GetAtt RenderFunction.Arn
Export:
Name: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-RenderFunctionArn"
VideoFunctionArn:
Condition: HasVideoFunction
Description: ARN of the arm64 chunk-rendering function.
Value: !GetAtt VideoFunctionStack.Outputs.FunctionArn
RenderStateMachineArn:
Description: ARN of the Step Functions state machine. Pass to `aws stepfunctions start-execution`.
Value: !Ref RenderStateMachine
Export:
Name: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}-RenderStateMachineArn"
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